Genomic analysis of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from manure and manured agricultural grasslands

This study identifies 46 E. coli isolates in manure, soil, and grass, revealing grass as an environmental reservoir for the pathogenic bacteria. The isolates are predominantly multidrug resistant and have 31 antimicrobial resistance genes, indicating a connection between the environment and grass grazing animals and the circular economy of manure application.